Present Status of Immunisation against Tuberculosis

Immunisation of Adult Sheep Against Brucella Infection

Protection Induced by Simultaneous Subcutaneous and Endobronchial Vaccination with BCG/BCG and BCG/Adenovirus Expressing Antigen 85A against Mycobacterium bovis in Cattle

The incidence of bovine tuberculosis (bTB) in the GB has been increasing since the 1980s. Immunisation, alongside current control measures, has been proposed as a sustainable measure to control bTB. Immunisation with Mycobacterium bovis bacillus Calmette-Guerin (BCG) has been shown to protect against bTB. Furthermore, much experimental data indicates that pulmonary local immunity is important f...

Status of Hepatitis B Vaccination among the Health Care Workers of a Tertiary Hospital, Lahore

This study was carried out to assess the immunisation status among health care workers of a tertiary hospital and reasons for non-immunisation. This is a descriptive cross-sectional study conducted at Jinnah Hospital, Allama Iqbal Medical College, Lahore from May 2005 – July 2005. A total of 358 health care workers were selected using systematic random sampling technique. A pre-tested structure...

Need for Optimisation of Immunisation Strategies Targeting Invasive Meningococcal Disease in the Netherlands

Invasive meningococcal disease (IMD) is a severe bacterial infectious disease with high mortality and morbidity rates worldwide. In recent years, industrialised countries have implemented vaccines targeting IMD in their National Immunisation Programmes (NIPs). In 2002, the Netherlands successfully implemented a single dose of meningococcal serogroup C conjugate vaccine at the age of 14 months a...

Probing local innate immune responses after mucosal immunisation

BACKGROUND Intranasal immunisation is potentially a very effective route for inducing both mucosal and systemic immunity to an infectious agent. METHODS Balb/c mice were intranasally immunised with the mucosal adjuvant heat labile toxin and the Mycobacterium tuberculosis fusion protein Ag85B-ESAT6 and early changes in innate immune responses within local mucosal tissues were examined using fl...